Journal: Bioresources and Bioprocessing
Article Title: Box-Behnken optimized copper oxide nanoparticles from Thymus vulgaris potentiate efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens and exhibit anticancer activity
doi: 10.1186/s40643-026-01008-5
Figure Lengend Snippet: Comprehensive Evaluation of TE-CuONPs Anticancer Activity and Apoptotic Mechanism in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Concentration-dependent cytotoxicity and mechanistic analysis. a , b MTT dose–response curves against MCF-7 breast cancer cells and normal human skin fibroblasts (HSF). c , d Representative phase-contrast micrographs (200 × magnification) of MCF-7 cells after 24 h treatment at respective IC₅₀ concentrations, showing c minimal morphological changes with TE treatment versus d characteristic apoptotic features with TE-CuONPs treatment, including cell shrinkage (red arrows), membrane blebbing (yellow arrows), chromatin condensation, and cellular detachment. e Flow cytometric scatter plots (FSC-H vs. SSC-H) demonstrating consistent cell populations across treatments (10,000 events gated per sample). ( f ) Schematic proposal for anticancer mechanisms. g Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) dual-staining flow cytometric analysis
Article Snippet: MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells (ATCC HTB-22) and normal human skin fibroblasts (HSF, CRL-2522) were obtained from Nawah Scientific (Cairo, Egypt) and cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (Gibco, USA) supplemented with 10% FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin at 37 °C in 5% CO2.
Techniques: Activity Assay, Concentration Assay, Membrane, Staining